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Kate Evans at 17:43, 13 March 2026

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CamRichon at 12:30, 18 February 2026

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	\| '''Appropriate timescales:''' time step: typically around 1400-5400s		\| '''Appropriate timescales:''' time step: typically around 1400-5400s

	output:		output: daily to yearly
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CamRichon: Created page with "{{BreadcrumbsCellular}} * Page authors: CamRichon * Responsible curator: CamRichon ---- TOC
{| class="model-ib" ! Model type |- | '''Approach:''' Mechanistic |- | '''Computational demand:''' HPC |- | '''Typical physical scales:''' grid: C-type grid. Global resolution : 1 or 2°, regional resolution from 1/12° to 1/36° |- | '''Appropriate timescales:''' time step: typically around 1400-540..."

2026-02-12T14:08:29Z

Created page with "{{BreadcrumbsCellular}} * Page authors: CamRichon * Responsible curator: CamRichon ---- __TOC__ <div class="model-box"> {| class="model-ib" ! Model type |- | '''Approach:''' Mechanistic |- | '''Computational demand:''' HPC |- | '''Typical physical scales:''' grid: C-type grid. Global resolution : 1 or 2°, regional resolution from 1/12° to 1/36° |- | '''Appropriate timescales:''' time step: typically around 1400-540..."

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{{BreadcrumbsCellular}}

* [[Page authors|Page authors]]: [[CamRichon]]
* [[Responsible curator|Responsible curator]]: [[CamRichon]]
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__TOC__
<div class="model-box">
{| class="model-ib"
! Model type
|-
| '''Approach:''' Mechanistic
|-
| '''Computational demand:''' HPC
|-
| '''Typical physical scales:''' grid: C-type grid. Global resolution : 1 or 2°, regional resolution from 1/12° to 1/36°
|-
| '''Appropriate timescales:''' time step: typically around 1400-5400s

output:
|}
</div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>

== Model overview ==
PISCES is a biogeochemical model that simulates marine biological productivity and describes the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, oxygen and the main nutrients (P, N, Si, Fe) (Aumont et al., 2015)<ref>Aumont, O., Ethé, C., Tagliabue, A., Bopp, L., and Gehlen, M.: PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2465–2513, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2465-2015, 2015. </ref>. It is the marine biogeochemistry component of two ocean modeling platforms (NEMO and CROCO), three Earth System models (IPSL-CM, CNRM-CM and EC-Earth) and one operational oceanographic system (MERCATOR-Ocean). See https://www.pisces-community.org/.

== Scales of interest ==
PISCES has been developped and used for studying a variety of biogeochemical questions at the global and regional scale (Mediterranean, Indian Ocean, North Atlantic...)<ref> Santana-Falcón, Yeray; Mason, Evan; Arístegui, Javier
Offshore transport of organic carbon by upwelling filaments in the Canary Current System, Progress in Oceanography, vol. 186, pp. 102322, 2020, ISSN: 00796611.</ref><ref> Richon, Camille; Dutay, Jean-Claude; Dulac, François; Wang, Rong; Balkanski, Yves; Nabat, Pierre; Aumont, Olivier; Desboeufs, Karine; Laurent, Benoît; Guieu, Cécile; Raimbault, Patrick; Beuvier, Jonathan Modeling the Impacts of Atmospheric Deposition of Nitrogen and Desert Dust-Derived Phosphorus on Nutrients and Biological Budgets of the Mediterranean Sea, Progress in Oceanography, vol. 163, pp. 21–39, 2018. </ref>.

Temporal scales include seasonnal to interannual variability. PISCES is also regularly used to study past and future climates (incl. distant past and futures)<ref> Sarr, A-C; Donnadieu, Yannick; Laugié, Marie; Ladant, J-B; Suchéras-Marx, Baptiste; Raisson, François Ventilation Changes Drive Orbital-Scale Deoxygenation Trends in the Late Cretaceous Ocean In: Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 49, no. 19, pp. e2022GL099830, 2022.</ref><ref> Kwiatkowski, Lester; Torres, Olivier; Bopp, Laurent; Aumont, Olivier; Chamberlain, Matthew; Christian, James R; Dunne, John P; Gehlen, Marion; Ilyina, Tatiana; John, Jasmin G; Lenton, Andrew; Li, Hongmei; Lovenduski, Nicole S; Orr, James C; Palmieri, Julien; Santana-Falcón, Yeray; Schwinger, Jörg; Séférian, Roland; Stock, Charles A; Tagliabue, Alessandro; Takano, Yohei; Tjiputra, Jerry; Toyama, Katsuya; Tsujino, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Michio; Yamamoto, Akitomo; Yool, Andrew; Ziehn, Tilo
Twenty-First Century Ocean Warming, Acidification, Deoxygenation, and Upper-Ocean Nutrient and Primary Production Decline from CMIP6 Model Projections, Biogeosciences, vol. 17, no. 13, pp. 3439-3470, 2020, ISSN: 1726-4170. </ref>

== Data inputs ==

== Example Studies & Code ==

=== Classic examples ===
The reference article describing the main features and parameters of the model is: Aumont, O., Ethé, C., Tagliabue, A., Bopp, L., and Gehlen, M.: PISCES-v2: an ocean biogeochemical model for carbon and ecosystem studies, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2465–2513, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2465-2015, 2015

All informations on the latest developpements (including access to code) can be found at: https://www.pisces-community.org/

=== Recent applications ===
Several versions of PISCES have been developped to address specific research questions.
The verified versions (with public distribution of the codes) currently include:
* PISCES-gas which models the cycle of additional compounds emitted to the atmosphere such as N2O, DMS and CO (Conte et al., 2019 ; Séférian et al., 2020 ; Conte et al., 2020, Berthet et al., 2023)<ref>Conte, L., Szopa, S., Séférian, R., and Bopp, L.: The oceanic cycle of carbon monoxide and its emissions to the atmosphere, Biogeosciences, 16, 881–902, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-881-2019, 2019</ref><ref> Conte, L., Szopa, S., Aumont, O., Gros, V., & Bopp, L. (2020). Sources and sinks of isoprene in the global open ocean: Simulated patterns and emissions to the atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 125, e2019JC015946. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015946</ref><ref> Séférian, Roland; Berthet, Sarah; Yool, Andrew; Palmiéri, Julien; Bopp, Laurent; Tagliabue, Alessandro; Kwiatkowski, Lester; Aumont, Olivier; Christian, James; Dunne, John; Gehlen, Marion; Ilyina, Tatiana; John, Jasmin G; Li, Hongmei; Long, Matthew C; Luo, Jessica Y; Nakano, Hideyuki; Romanou, Anastasia; Schwinger, Jörg; Stock, Charles; Santana-Falcón, Yeray; Takano, Yohei; Tjiputra, Jerry; Tsujino, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Michio; Wu, Tongwen; Wu, Fanghua; Yamamoto, Akitomo
Tracking Improvement in Simulated Marine Biogeochemistry Between CMIP5 and CMIP6, Current Climate Change Reports, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 95-119, 2020, ISSN: 2198-6061 </ref><ref> Berthet, S.; Jouanno, J.; Séférian, R.; Gehlen, M.; Llovel, W.
How does the phytoplankton–light feedback affect the marine N2O inventory? Earth System Dynamics, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 399–412, 2023 </ref>.

* PISCES-iso which represents 13C and 15N (Buchanan et al., 2021)<ref> Buchanan, Pearse J; Aumont, Olivier; Bopp, Laurent; Mahaffey, Claire; Tagliabue, Alessandro Impact of intensifying nitrogen limitation on ocean net primary production is fingerprinted by nitrogen isotopes, Nature Communications, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 6214, 2021.</ref>

* PISCES-Byonic which in addition to Fe, describes the cycles of the trace metals Co, Zn Mn and Cu (Tagliabue et al., 2018 ; Weber et al., 2018 ; Richon and Tagliabue, 2019, 2021)<ref> Tagliabue, A., Hawco, N. J., Bundy, R. M., Landing, W. M., Milne, A., Morton, P. L., & Saito, M. A. (2018). The role of external inputs and internal cycling in shaping the global ocean cobalt distribution: Insights from the first cobalt biogeochemical model. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 32, 594–616. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005830 </ref><ref> Richon, C., & Tagliabue, A. (2021). Biogeochemical feedbacks associated with the response of micronutrient recycling by zooplankton to climate change. Global Change Biology, 27, 4758–4770. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15789</ref><ref> Richon, C., & Tagliabue, A. (2019). Insights into the major processes driving the global distribution of copper in the ocean from a global model. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 33, 1594–1610. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GB006280</ref>.

== Limitations ==

== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Main Pages|Model types]]

PISCES - Revision history

CamRichon at 10:34, 24 March 2026

Kate Evans at 17:43, 13 March 2026

CamRichon at 12:30, 18 February 2026