Radiolabeled tracer method - Revision history

Anabelvonjackowski at 18:38, 15 May 2026

2026-05-15T18:38:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:38, 15 May 2026
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	~~{{BreadcrumbsSecondaryProduction}}~~

	* [[Page authors\|Page authors]]: [[User:Anabelvonjackowski\|Anabel von Jackowski]], [[User:Hagi BucknWise\|Hagen Buck-Wiese]]		* [[Page authors\|Page authors]]: [[User:Anabelvonjackowski\|Anabel von Jackowski]], [[User:Hagi BucknWise\|Hagen Buck-Wiese]]
	* [[Responsible curator\|Responsible curator]]: [[User:Hagi BucknWise\|Hagen Buck-Wiese]]		* [[Responsible curator\|Responsible curator]]: [[User:Hagi BucknWise\|Hagen Buck-Wiese]]

Anabelvonjackowski at 18:35, 15 May 2026

2026-05-15T18:35:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:35, 15 May 2026
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	Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.		Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.

	Leucine incorporation can be overestimated see Giering & Events (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12032>		Leucine incorporation can be overestimated see Giering & Events (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12032</ref>

	== Step-by-Step Protocol ==		== Step-by-Step Protocol ==
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	{\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"		{\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"

	\|+ Summary of published LeuCF<sub>emp</sub> (in kg C [mol Leu]<sup>-1</sup>). Based on 54 publications and 296 published values. From Giering & Evans (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12032>		\|+ Summary of published LeuCF<sub>emp</sub> (in kg C [mol Leu]<sup>-1</sup>). Based on 54 publications and 296 published values. From Giering & Evans (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12032</ref>
	.		.
	! Hydrographic setting !! Min !! First Qu. !! Median !! Third Qu. !! Max !! n		! Hydrographic setting !! Min !! First Qu. !! Median !! Third Qu. !! Max !! n

Anabelvonjackowski at 18:35, 15 May 2026

2026-05-15T18:35:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:35, 15 May 2026
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	{\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"		{\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"

	\|+ Summary of published LeuCF<sub>emp</sub> (in kg C [mol Leu]<sup>-1</sup>). Based on 54 publications and 296 published values. From Giering & Evans (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://doi.~~org<~~/~~ref~~>		\|+ Summary of published LeuCF<sub>emp</sub> (in kg C [mol Leu]<sup>-1</sup>). Based on 54 publications and 296 published values. From Giering & Evans (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12032>
	.		.
	! Hydrographic setting !! Min !! First Qu. !! Median !! Third Qu. !! Max !! n		! Hydrographic setting !! Min !! First Qu. !! Median !! Third Qu. !! Max !! n

Anabelvonjackowski: /* Limitations */

2026-05-15T18:34:11Z

Limitations

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:34, 15 May 2026
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	Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.		Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.

	Leucine incorporation can be overestimated see Giering & Events (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://doi.~~org<~~/~~ref~~>		Leucine incorporation can be overestimated see Giering & Events (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12032>

	== Step-by-Step Protocol ==		== Step-by-Step Protocol ==

Anabelvonjackowski: /* Units & currency */

2026-05-15T18:33:13Z

Units & currency

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:33, 15 May 2026
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	=== Units & currency ===		=== Units & currency ===

	Units are mol incorporated tracer L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>. For example nmol Leucine L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>.		Units are mol incorporated tracer L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>. For example, nmol Leucine L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>.

	=== Sample size ===		=== Sample size ===

Anabelvonjackowski: /* Limitations */

2026-05-15T18:32:46Z

Limitations

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:32, 15 May 2026
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	Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.		Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.

	Leucine incorporation can be overestimated see Giering & Events (2022) doi~~: 10~~.~~1002~~/~~lno.12032~~		Leucine incorporation can be overestimated see Giering & Events (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://doi.org</ref>

	== Step-by-Step Protocol ==		== Step-by-Step Protocol ==

Anabelvonjackowski: /* Common calculations/conversions */

2026-05-15T18:32:09Z

Common calculations/conversions

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:32, 15 May 2026
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			{\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"

			\|+ Summary of published LeuCF<sub>emp</sub> (in kg C [mol Leu]<sup>-1</sup>). Based on 54 publications and 296 published values. From Giering & Evans (2022)<ref name="Giering2022">Giering, S. L. C., & Evans, C. (2022). Overestimation of prokaryotic production by leucine incorporation—and how to avoid it. ''Limnology and Oceanography'', 67(3), 726–738. https://doi.org</ref>
			.
			! Hydrographic setting !! Min !! First Qu. !! Median !! Third Qu. !! Max !! n
			\|-
			\| Coast and shelf \|\| 0.21 \|\| 0.98 \|\| 1.35 \|\| 2.47 \|\| 36.40 \|\| 160
			\|-

			\| Open ocean \|\| 0.02 \|\| 0.25 \|\| 0.56 \|\| 1.29 \|\| 19.20 \|\| 105
			\|-

			\| Mesopelagic \|\| 0.13 \|\| 0.33 \|\| 0.54 \|\| 0.63 \|\| 2.38 \|\| 15
			\|-

			\| All marine \|\| 0.02 \|\| 0.52 \|\| 1.14 \|\| 2.00 \|\| 36.40 \|\| 280
			\|-

			\| Freshwater \|\| 0.18 \|\| 0.88 \|\| 1.15 \|\| 2.41 \|\| 8.60 \|\| 16
			\|-

			\| Sediment \|\| 0.21 \|\| 0.24 \|\| 0.82 \|\| 0.89 \|\| 1.45 \|\| 16
			\|-

			\| All environments \|\| 0.02 \|\| 0.53 \|\| 1.14 \|\| 2.03 \|\| 36.40 \|\| 296
			\|}

	== References ==		== References ==

	[[Category:Main Pages\|Model types]]		[[Category:Main Pages\|Model types]]

Anabelvonjackowski: /* Limitations */

2026-05-15T18:29:54Z

Limitations

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 15 May 2026
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	Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.		Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein and not re-mineralised during the incubation. Intracellular isotope dilution from unlabeled leucine pools can cause underestimation, and empirical conversion factors between leucine incorporation and carbon production are variable across environments and must be determined locally for highest accuracy. Bottle incubation can alter community composition and substrate availability relative to in situ conditions.

			Leucine incorporation can be overestimated see Giering & Events (2022) doi: 10.1002/lno.12032

	== Step-by-Step Protocol ==		== Step-by-Step Protocol ==

Anabelvonjackowski: /* Units & currency */

2026-05-15T18:28:15Z

Units & currency

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:28, 15 May 2026
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	=== Units & currency ===		=== Units & currency ===

	Units are mol incorporated tracer L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>.		Units are mol incorporated tracer L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>. For example nmol Leucine L<sup>-1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>.

	=== Sample size ===		=== Sample size ===

Anabelvonjackowski: /* Classic examples */

2026-05-15T18:25:39Z

Classic examples

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:25, 15 May 2026
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	The leucine incorporation method is the most widely applied variant. Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein, and a theoretical or empirically determined conversion factor is used to translate leucine incorporation into units of carbon production. Size-fractionated filtration can separate bacterial from eukaryotic production.		The leucine incorporation method is the most widely applied variant. Leucine is assumed to be incorporated exclusively into protein, and a theoretical or empirically determined conversion factor is used to translate leucine incorporation into units of carbon production. Size-fractionated filtration can separate bacterial from eukaryotic production.

	=== ~~Classic~~ examples ===		=== Publication examples ===
	* Kirchman (2001) ''Measuring bacterial biomass production and growth rates from leucine incorporation in natural aquatic environments'' <ref name="Kirchman2001" />		* Kirchman (2001) ''Measuring bacterial biomass production and growth rates from leucine incorporation in natural aquatic environments'' <ref name="Kirchman2001" />
	* Kirchman et al. (2009) ''Standing stocks, production, and respiration of phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the western Arctic Ocean'' <ref name="Kirchman2009">Kirchman, D. L., Hill, V., Cottrell, M. T., Gradinger, R., Malmstrom, R. R., & Parker, A. (2009). Standing stocks, production, and respiration of phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the western Arctic Ocean. ''Deep-Sea Research Part II'', 56(17), 1237–1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.10.018</ref>		* Kirchman et al. (2009) ''Standing stocks, production, and respiration of phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the western Arctic Ocean'' <ref name="Kirchman2009">Kirchman, D. L., Hill, V., Cottrell, M. T., Gradinger, R., Malmstrom, R. R., & Parker, A. (2009). Standing stocks, production, and respiration of phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the western Arctic Ocean. ''Deep-Sea Research Part II'', 56(17), 1237–1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.10.018</ref>