CMIP
- Page authors: CamRichon
- Responsible curator: [[User:]]
| Model type |
|---|
| Approach: Mechanistic |
| Computational demand: HPC |
| Spatial resolution: grid: 2°, 1° since CMIP6, domain: global |
| Temporal resolution: time step: model dependent, usually s to hours ; output: yearly to monthly |
Model overview
The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) is a global effort from the international research community using Earth System Models (ESMs) to simulate the impacts of global greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions on the planetary climate system. This effort gathers results from multiple models developped by different international research groups and compares simulation results in order to estimate the range of variability in the global climate system and its potential response to various natural and anthropogenic GHG forcings[1].
In order to allow an effective assessment of scientific results, common simulation setups are chosen for all models participating in CMIP exercises. All the ESMs contributing to CMIP simulate the global climate response to common GHG forcings and scenarios. Since the first phase of CMIP (CMIP1), various scenarios for GHG emissions have been developped and many models and research groups have joined the effort. From 18 global coupled models in CMIP1 simulating a single scenario of 1%/year increase in CO2 global emissions, there are now over 30 research groups involved, simulating multiple climate forcing parameter changes.
Scales of interest
CMIP excercises typically simulate the Earth climate at the global scale. Regional analyses are also included. The temporal scales are typically interannual to decadal to centennial.
Data inputs
Since CMIP6, the common datasets for forcing the models include:
- Historical Short-Lived Climate Forcers (SLCF) and greenhouse gas (CO2 and CH4) Emissions
- Biomass Burning Emissions
- Global Gridded Land-use Forcing Datasets
- Historical greenhouse gases concentrations: a full description is published via the CMIP6 Special Issue publication (https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/special_issue590.html)
- Ozone Concentrations and Nitrogen (N)-Deposition [2]
- Aerosol Optical Properties and Relative Change in Cloud Droplet Number Concentration [3]
- Solar Forcing [4]
- Stratospheric Aerosol Data Set
- AMIP Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Datasets
- Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) for simulating future trends in GHG emissions [5]
Example Studies & Code
Classic examples
Beyond CMIP, each component of ESMs (ocean, atmosphere, ice...) has had an intercomparison exercise (AeroMIP, OMIP....).
Recent applications
Limitations
The increased complexity of models associated with higher resolution and the number of simulations required for CMIP exercises leads to a significant increase in computing and data storage requirements.
References
- ↑ Meehl, G. A., G. J. Boer, C. Covey, M. Latif, and R. J. Stouffer (1997), Intercomparison makes for a better climate model, Eos Trans. AGU, 78(41), 445–451, doi:10.1029/97EO00276.
- ↑ Checa-Garcia, R., Hegglin, M. I., Kinnison, D., Plummer, D. A., & Shine, K. P. (2018). Historical tropospheric and stratospheric ozone radiative forcing using the CMIP6 database. Geophysical Research Letters, 45, 3264–3273. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076770
- ↑ Stevens, B., Fiedler, S., Kinne, S., Peters, K., Rast, S., Müsse, J., Smith, S. J., and Mauritsen, T.: MACv2-SP: a parameterization of anthropogenic aerosol optical properties and an associated Twomey effect for use in CMIP6, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 433–452, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-433-2017, 2017
- ↑ Matthes, K.; Funke, B.; Andersson, M. E.; Barnard, L.; Beer, J.; Charbonneau, P.; Clilverd, M. A.; Dudok de Wit, T.; Haberreiter, M. (2017-06-22). "Solar forcing for CMIP6 (v3.2)". Geosci. Model Dev. 10 (6): 2247–2302
- ↑ O'Neill, B. C.; Tebaldi, C.; van Vuuren, D. P.; Eyring, V.; Friedlingstein, P.; Hurtt, G.; Knutti, R.; Kriegler, E.; Lamarque, J.-F. (2016-09-28). "The Scenario Model Intercomparison Project (ScenarioMIP) for CMIP6". Geosci. Model Dev. 9 (9): 3461–3482